environmental impacts of stratford regeneration
In order to balance the argument for regeneration it will be necessary to substantiate these different viewpoints and provide a fair consideration from all stakeholders who would be involved and affected by developments. Some management strategies that have been employed in regenerating places include: Conflict in the community can be caused by the exacerbation of economic and social inequalities in response to regenerating places. This form of Urbanism in Barcelona has been characterised by the forming of cultural and public squares linked by avenues and promenades that promote the form of culture. Photo @ Eric Aydin-Barberini Instagram:@eric.aydin.barberini What are the different classes of community conflict? Westfield is committed to continuously improving the environmental performance of its shopping centres and minimising their environmental impact. The mothers could not afford the high costs which are now associated with Stratford and could only afford social housing as a result of a new demographic moving into Stratford and more market owned housing leading to an increase in house prices (Watt, 2018). highlighting different aspects of the citys unique culture including The Tall Ships Race which has a significant connection with the cities maritime heritage. Themaps north and south show the Stratford area in the 1950s. There are a number of ways in which cultural regeneration takes place, from local governments wanting to increase investment in the area to them gaining status through cultural events such as the Olympic and Commonwealth games, the World Cup to the European Capital of Culture and prominent buildings such as Stadiums and tourist attractions. The successful approach to the Castleford project shows that culture-led can support regeneration of the former West Yorkshire mining town. Available at: http://newhamdata.wpengine.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Demography-Bulletin-October-2015-IMD.pdf (Accessed: 16 November 2019). This site uses cookies to enhance your user experience. Who showed that regeneration does not usually benefit the local population? The Lowry Centre opened in April 2000 and has since been credited, along with its associated projects, with the creation of 6,500 jobs in the local economy. This can be identified particularly where flagship projects are concerned. It is the second most Gentrification - is it inevitable in regeneration areas | Ashurst These negative impacts can include but are not limited to; economic inequality; displacement of locals; loss of place character; threat to local businesses and the introduction of community conflicts. Peter and Sykes (1999) define regeneration as an action which leads to urban problems being resolved and bringing an improvement within the area in terms of economic, physical, social and environmental aspects which are subject to change during the process of regeneration. Any scientific information contained within this essay should not be treated as fact, this content is to be used for educational purposes only and may contain factual inaccuracies or be out of date. During the post war-era employment in the city grew more slowly than in towns and rural areas, employment began to decrease in the 1960s and the decline spread to almost all cities in the 1970s. It is predicted that 11,000 new jobs will arise as a result of the regeneration of the Quays as a whole [Goodey 2000]. Oxford: Butterworth Architecture. M.Sc. The key is urban regeneration. It can take many forms and can be achieved through the implementation of several different strategies. good for Stratford use evidence to back up your opinion. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Conflicts in the community can be avoided through the implementation of measures, such as cheaper housing incentives, financial support, community cohesion incentives and conflict resolution techniques. An interpersonal conflict occurs between one person from Group A and one person from Group B. The existing infrastructure and community that is impacted on by the process of regeneration can take time to evolve and ultimately impact upon the initiatives proposed, as well as the effects on the local community, the power of which should not be underestimated. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! There were various reasons for this to occur, but the main ones being the advances in technology and the closure of many farming and agricultural companies, hence reducing the number of those employed in this sector. Looking for a flexible role? Prices from 1,095,000. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/rents-lettings-and-tenancies (Accessed: 16 November 2019), Newham Council (2011) Understanding Newham 2011. 1: Urban renewal shown by new and old buildings together (https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/127500) by Colin Smith (https://www.geograph.org.uk/profile/3972) Licensed by CC BY-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/?ref=openverse), Fig. (2017) Symbolic violence and the Olympic Games: Low-income youth, social legacy commitments, and urban exclusion in Olympic host cities, Journal of youth studies,20(2), pp.145-161. area and the people living there. Through the 1980s British regeneration policy put a lot of emphasis on supporting local economic development by increasing the supply of land and buildings in inner cities. This has created environments people want to visit, live and work in in turn bringing further economic and social benefits. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp.546-569, Burrows, T. (2017) 'Legacy, what legacy? During the earliest phase of the Industrial Revolution the Bridgewater Canal was built in 1761, this halved the price of coal in Manchester due to decreased transport costs and ease of access. Traditionally, the port had relied on privately owned warehousing in the town to store cargo from the dock. Researchers helped choose sustainable & biodiverse vegetation suited to an urban environment, including 4,000 trees. Negative impacts of the games on the area and OK, Statford Local Views on the Olympics Task, Statford Local Selection of Views on the Olympics. London 2012, 4 Years On: How Stratford Has Transformed - Culture Trip To positively help the urban populations, there should have been a policy to integrate these changes with the locals at the heart of policies, rather than suiting the needs of big corporations. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/aug/30/london-olympic-regeneration-but-price-locals-cant-pay (Accessed: 16 November 2019), Brown, D. and Szymanski, S.(2012). The deprivation continued into the twentieth century, and unemployment reached record levels in the interwar years causing demonstrations and rioting. They also reported that 37% wanted to become homeowners in five years, whilst 48% still expected to be renting. The rural-urban fringe (areas outside of the inner city, close to rural areas) have experienced regeneration too. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher? Furthermore, it highlights the use of neoliberal ideas in selling a majority to the private sector as the local authorities were dependent on private buyers in buying flats within the East Village. Many people were evacuated during the Second World War and the area was severely bombed. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. As at the other sites visited, students carry out an environmental quality survey of Stratford. Join us today, Society membership is open to anyone with a passion for geography, Royal Geographical Society The Olympic Site was built largely on 560 acres of brownfield land. But for what? Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. In spite of massive rebuilding after the was, the economic decline continued with the closure of the docks. pictures. for local resi 2. modern buildings. your best to fill some out based on the following Since the 1940s the phrase Urban Regeneration has been increasingly used in conjunction with the action of redeveloping land which had, in years prior, been areas of moderate to high density urban land use. the top of the table ! Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jan/31/march-for-homes-focus-e15-mums-london-homelessness-priced-out-area (Accessed: 16 November 2019), Tallon, A. These are completed when youre at a site. These cookies do not store any personal information. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. One event can have wider and far lasting cultural benefits, whilst attracting further investment and increased visitor numbers. Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield acquires outstanding share of Olympic games (London , Commonwealth, Capital of Culture, World Cup, Stadiums International context/differences Bilbao (Capital of Culture), Barcelona (Olympics). On the other hand, some gentrifying people regard locals as a barrier to regeneration and thus can create tension on the flip side of the coin. Regeneration . 1 - Urban renewal shown by new and old buildings together. Glasgow became the first city to become European Capital of Culture in 1990 having had more than three years to plan for the event. Registered office: Creative Tower, Fujairah, PO Box 4422, UAE. Check out Adapt the A-level & GCSE revision timetable app. Stratford is now second only to Kings Cross as the most connected part of London. impacts from the Olympic games both on the area and the people living there. Dissertation, School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton (2006) . The history of Stratford's regeneration starts half a century before the 2012 Olympics, in the 1960s, when homes were built to replace the pre-fab housing that stood on stretches of land that had been left as literal bombsites since the 40s. Castleford, in West Yorkshire, has a population of around 38,000. building; the Guggenheim. Since the decline in the city between 1970 to 1980, Liverpool has experienced more urban regeneration than virtually any other city in the UK. The first government response to the emerging inner city problem came in 1968 with the launch of the Urban Programme small amounts of short term funding to support local community development projects in the inner city. The list below shows the range of fieldwork tasks that can be completed at Stratford. Regenerating Places (Geography): Introduction & Revision In the third model, Culture and Regeneration, cultural activities are not fully integrated at either the development or planning stages. Stratford was in need of regeneration and it could be argued that the Olympics were a catalyst for the regeneration to occur. Stratford and Croyde will be examined further in the next articles. This occurs when wealthy people move into an area and improve it. Unemployment OVERALL fell across London during the Olympic period. Some places can become economically wealthy because of the abundance of these factors, whilst other places are marginalised. The costs of the Games . These facilities will be 'top of the derelict, filthy city into a clean, modern city. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. This model suggests that in terms of physical and environmental regeneration, the visible signs of any cultural activity or improvements may be small, but this does not mean that cultural activity is absent. Hatcher, C. (2012) Legacies of Dislocation on the Clays Lane Estate, The Art of Dissent: Adventures in Londons Olympic State, pp.197-206. from the start of this year. In this task they use these postings, along with their own views, to think about how people living in Stratford, Canning Town and the north of England might feel about the games and why. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Regeneration Case Studies: A Level Geography | StudySmarter The regeneration story in Stratford is ongoing, and the area will change dramatically over the next four years. environment and the natural environment. The impact on the environment caused by regeneration can vary depending on the amount of refurbishing and the variety of materials used in the regeneration programme. Available at: https://www.hackneygazette.co.uk/news/most-of-the-promised-11-000-jobs-for-2012-olympics-park-site-still-don-t-exist-1-5751367 (Accessed: 20 November 2019). This would suggest that the policies used to regenerate the area were successful and helped create economic activity which meant the Olympics had a positive impact on urban populations and maybe the creation of new jobs were successful in regenerating the area. We will not use your details for marketing purposes without your explicit consent. There are five tasks that can be carried out in Stratford. Available at: https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080107221051/http://www.london2012.com/documents/candidate-files/theme-1-olympic-games-concept-and-legacy.pdf (Accessed: 19 November 2019), MHCLG (2011) Social housing lettings. Everything you need for your studies in one place. (2008) Displaced by Londons Olympics. Learning Outcomes Conditions for Stratford residents in the 19th century were poor, with overcrowding, poverty and poor health. extended piece of writing The River Lea that runs through the Olympic Park was improved as has the quality of its water. The different models developed include defining culture-led regeneration, cultural regeneration as well as culture and regeneration. Government to put money into Community conflicts can have several effects on society and places. There is good quality house building, a new hotel, supermarket and plans for a heritage centre. The Olympic Site was built on 560 acres of brownfield land. your idea onto your whiteboard Five years on the London Olympic park battle still rages', The Guardian, 27 July [Online], Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/jul/27/london-olympic-park-success-five-years-depends (Accessed: 16 November 2019), Donovan, T. (2014) Olympic Park affordable housing trade off, BBC News, 15 January [Online]. Have all your study materials in one place. PDF London 2012 Olympics During the 19th century, London's port was one of the busiest in the world, but by the end of the 1950s it was in significant decline with many of the docks derelict and abandoned. Study for free with our range of university lectures! Regeneration or gentrification can be a contentious topic due to the variety of complex issues surrounding this topic. The decision to extend Manchesters tram link to the Quays from Manchester City Centre as well as Bury in the north and Altrincham in the south of the city meant that the Quays was now open to a greater number of visitors, commuters and also residents. Disclaimer: This is an example of a student written essay.Click here for sample essays written by our professional writers. Almost half of these 2,818 new homes (40%) are affordable. people living there With roughly half the properties being privately owned, it shows the key factor of time where committees were trying to sell the properties quickly in order to create and sustain a legacy, however it has now created more houses to be privately owned resulting in less affordable housing which has left most of the previous residents, many of which are low-income residents, unable to afford to live in Newham. What is not a potential negative impact of regeneration? 5: I will explain issues faced by Stratford in the past and provide Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2008/jun/02/olympics2012 (Accessed: 18 November 2019), Turock, I. I bid for the Olympics Add up the overall scores for each of the This is primarily due to the responsibilities for cultural provision and regeneration being often handled separately, within different departments. By paying attention to the way in which regeneration has developed during the 20th century to becoming culture-led it will be possible to give an in-depth view of the effects on the existing urban fabric of the United Kingdom, particularly over the last 25 years. Lendlease are a TNC helping to build the International Quarter. All work is written to order. You must be a member holding a valid Society membershipto view the content you are trying to access. Over this period Liverpool has experimented in a variety in Urban regeneration schemes. Many industrial facilities were strategically located close to rivers, canals and estuaries, most notably Manchester and Liverpool being situated just 35 miles apart and joined by the Manchester Ship Canal, the North West became a fundamental destination for cotton and textiles and manufacturing as well as Liverpool becoming a central dock for trade due its global connections. Just a few years prior many felt that towns on the outskirts of Yorkshire such as Castleford were in terminal decline following pit and factory closures that put thousands out of work. Major events 3 models e.g. 6/7: I will evaluate issues faced by Stratford in the past and give Since 1971 the city had to respond to a reduction in its population of about a quarter and a loss of more than half of its manufacturing industry. This would be a huge threat to the local business because it would eventually not have enough money to continue in that location. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. How do the scores for pictures 1,2 and 3 Newspaper task Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. The areas hosting the Olympics like Stratford and nearby Tower Hamlets were in dire need of regeneration as they had; . years. An intragroup conflict occurs within a societal group. The Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) highlighted their key priorities in combating unemployment and created policies including the Governments Legacy Action Plan (LAP) and a Strategic Regeneration Framework (SRF) in order to achieve what they termed convergence, where the boroughs which hosted the Olympics would have the same social and economic chances as other boroughs within London within 20 years (Vanderhoven, 2012). This essay will look at whether regeneration has addressed the needs of the urban population within Stratford by focusing on three main aspects; housing, community and jobs. quit . If you need assistance with writing your essay, our professional essay writing service is here to help! This field of expertise is large and far-reaching and will be discussed briefly in chapter 4 using case studies to highlight the various aspects. The town also had extensive railway works at this time, a 78 acre site which employed 6,000 people to build locomotives and carriages. These figures represent a 60% increase in just 40 years. (with the Institute of British Geographers), These associated cultural projects include The Designer Outlet shopping centre, the Imperial War Museum North (IWMN) and the latest development of the Mediacity:uk which will house the BBC; it also includes other leisure orientated facilities such as a multi screen cinema complex and a water sports centre. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Vandalism and violence can be examples of interpersonal conflicts. Vegas + revision guide next, assessments on Monday! The government wanted to leave a positive legacy behind after the Olympics were over and were committed to regenerating a community as well as bringing them together and leading to social and economic change (London 2012, 2004). This in turn has led to the millions of pounds of investment reshaping the heart of the city centre with the development of Paradise Street. Stratford Olympic Park - GCSE Geography B Edexcel Revision - Study Rocket This award was seen as an important opportunity as a catalyst for urban regeneration through the form of culture; Glasgows legacy as the first city with ECOC status 16 years ago has sustained this development; similar effects to Barcelona which has been recognised as a success internationally. New green spaces and wildlife habitats were created, including ponds and woodlands. The London 2012 Olympic Legacy was a plan to make sure that the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games had Long Term Benefits. Community tension is a physical or psychological state that threatens the stability and peace found within a community. *You can also browse our support articles here >. This test will include However, financial services and the retail industry have increasingly relocated business to city centres once again, creating flagship stores that drew service sector workers back into the city centre in turn creating the need for additional services in the city. stronger divides between people; the creation of an us vs them narrative, True or false: it is always locals that cause community conflict surrounding regeneration. This section will primarily focus on housing within the Newham borough, one of the six boroughs which the games were hosted in. Most of the mothers were told to move to other areas such as Birmingham and Manchester (Stone, 2015) despite having no connections there or having a sense of community or place there. The nature of the culture element in each model may vary, it is clear that culture can contribute to the regeneration programmes whilst also interacting with the physical, social and economic aspects that help to revive areas. Case study - urban regeneration in Stratford, London Regeneration is the long-term upgrading of existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change. You slit my throat, you pull the trigger, Im in the alleyway and you just dont Dont forget to give each survey a title at Clays Lane was a housing estate which housed over 400 people (Burrows, 2017) and as a result of the regeneration occurring in Stratford, was demolished to build the East Village. The original Stratford City project was launched in the late 1990s as a 1.2 million sq metre development, the largest single planning application inside the M25 at the time. you took my life and didnt care The beginning of the Information Age during the 1990s saw a sharp transition from primary manufacturing industries to a knowledge based, service industry. Using a case study of your choice, critically discuss the role of regeneration in addressing the needs of urban populations. Consequently, a reclamation programme was directed at three vital aspects of the site; water, roads and services, in addition to public access and landscaping. East End - to clean the soil, put This section will focus on whether the housing developed for the Olympic games has met the needs of the urban population living there. When considering types of conflict in the context of regenerating places, the two groups mentioned in the above example are often made up of locals (people originally from the place being regenerated) and newcomers (people moving into and changing the area through regeneration). 2008 the year of the Capital of Culture will see Liverpool hosting major events. These three models Culture-led Regeneration, Cultural Regeneration and Culture & Regeneration, highlight the different scale of regeneration projects and the level of cultural activities which can differ greatly, from whole cultural cities to redeveloped waterfronts, to community orientated public art programmes. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Hill, D. (2015) Whats happened to affordable housing on Londons Olympic Park?, The Guardian [Online]. The map extracts are from the Ordnance Survey 1951 and 1952 editions, Crown copyright. On 6 July 2005, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that London would host the 2012 Olympics. For instance: Protests/demonstrations (e.g. Test revision handout The Industrial Revolution also witnessed a large growth in population, in 1695 the population of Britain was estimated to be 5.5million, by the early part of 1801, just over 100 years later, this had grown to 9.3million and 40 years later again, almost doubled to 15.9million people in 1841. (2015) 'Why march for homes? Starter: Based on this quote, We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.io. A development plan was prepared, which sought to create a new quarter of the city which has a unique character derived from the way in which all parts of the development are related to water; and where people would be encouraged to work, live and play in a high quality environment [Salford City Council, 1985]. "We set out with a huge promise to the world: to deliver the most sustainable Olympic Games of modern times," says David Stubbs, London 2012's Head of Sustainability. In order to create a legacy, different boards were set up including the Olympic Park Legacy Company (OPLC) in 2009 which was turned in the London Legacy Development Corporation (LLDC) after the games in 2012 in order to make sure a positive legacy would be achieved for social and economic change. On top of this, the different flows of people in and out of the area are likely to create different people acting as customers. you about Newham? (www.historylearningsite.co.uk) In the North West, Manchester alone experienced a dramatic six-fold increase in its population during this time.
